Enaphalodes fasc. 1 Click here for a larger view

Diagnosis.--Key characters: Ommatidial size coarse (Fig. 39b); prosternal process expanded apically (Fig. 18); mesal antennal spines present (Figs. 8b, 9b); elytral humeri without epipleural tooth; pronotum with impunctate regions and calli (Fig. 12d); femoral carinae absent; procoxal cavities closed laterally (Fig. 24); femoral apices rounded (Fig. 26); posterior procoxal cavities open (Fig. 18); transverse ridges on pronotal disc absent; tibial carinae absent; spine on antennomere three acute (Fig. 45a, b); mesofemoral shape linear (Fig. 37d); antennomere three of males and most females about two-thirds length of pronotum (Fig. 46b); lateral projections into mesocoxae from mesosternum absent (Fig. 20); elytra and pronotum covered with dense connected patches of white or yellowish pubescence, females with an additional dense coating of short, erect hairs; integument usually dark; pronotum broadly rounded and inflated, as wide as elytra at middle (Fig. 41d). Length: 20-35 mm.

Distribution and Diversity.--North America to Costa Rica. Ten species.

Discussion.--Enaphalodes is closely related to Romulus, Orwellion, Eustromula, Gymnospyra, and Parelaphidion (Fig. 56). Enaphalodes differs from Romulus in having more conspicuous pubescence on the elytra and pronotum, moderately spinose elytral apices in most specimens (truncate to dentiform in Romulus), and smaller size of most specimens. Enaphalodes differs from Orwellion in lacking differentiated dense, white pubescence posterior to the upper eye lobes (present in Orwellion). Enaphalodes differs from Parelaphidion in having linear femora (gradually enlarged in Parelaphidion), and pronotum inflated at middle, wider than elytra (not as widely expanded at middle in Parelaphidion). The length of antennomere three about two-thirds length of pronotum in Enaphalodes distinguishes it from most Anelaphus species (which have antennomere three about half length of pronotum). Anelaphus generally have gradually enlarged femora (sometimes mildly clavate profemora), while Enaphalodes has linear femora. Most Anelaphus species have the elytra truncate or dentiform, while Enaphalodes usually have elytral apices moderately to strongly bispinose.