Check out the research!


The papers below are a collection of recent published work concerning scale insects. Click on the highlighted text below to view the Adobe Acrobat PDF files. If you don't have Adobe Acrobat PDF Reader, click on the button below for a free copy.

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Entomological systematics is that field which focuses on the discovery, organization, and interpretation of biological diversity. It is generally recognized to include three main tasks: taxonomy, phylogenetic analysis, and classification. Taxonomy is the science of discovering, describing, and naming species or groups of species. Examination of the evolutionary relationships among groups of species is based on phylogenetic analysis and the subsequent classifications are built on the results of these analyses.

Much of the work for these web pages represents the concerted effort of numerous individuals. We acknowledge their assistance and contributions for making this research possible. The following topics represent only a portion of the scale systematic and taxonomic work currently underway or recently completed in the lab. The bracketed "[  ]" codes reflect the publication's Citation Code as it is listed in ScaleNet. Click HERE to enter ScaleNet's catalog query and submit that code for information on the reference.

Miller, D.R. & Williams, D.J. 1998. Melzeria horni Green (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae): redescription of a poorly known felt scale. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 100: 458-463. [MillerWi1998]

Miller, D.R. & Davidson, J.A. 1998. A new species of armored scale (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Diaspididae) previously confused with Hemiberlesia diffinis (Newstead). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 100: 193-201. [MillerDa1998]

Miller, D.R., Gullan, P.J. & Williams, D.J. 1998. Family placement of species previously included in the scale insect genus Sphaerococcus Maskell (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 100: 286-305. [MillerGuWi1998]

Miller, D.R. & Gimpel, M.E. 1999. New combinations, new synonymy, and homonomy in the Eriococcidae, new homonymy and synonymy in the Cerococcidae, and transfer of Cancerococcus Koteja to the Margarodidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 101(1): 212-218. [MillerGi1999]

Williams, D.J. & Miller, D.R. 1999. Two new genera and species of mealybugs (Hemiptera : Coccoidea : Pseudococcidae) that produce plant galls. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 101(3): 522-539. [WilliaMi1999]

Kozár, F. & Miller, D.R. 2000. World revision of Ortheziola Šulc (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Ortheziidae) with descriptions of eleven new species. Systematic Entomology 25: 15-45. [KozarMi2000]

Polavarapu, S., Davidson, J.A. & Miller, D.R. 2000. Life history of the Putnam Scale, Diaspidiotus ancylus (Putnam) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Diaspididae) on blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum, Ericaceae) in New Jersey, with a world list of scale insects on blueberries. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 102(3): 549-560. [PolavaDaMi2000]

Kozár, F. & Miller, D.R. 2001 (1999). Observations on collecting scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Entomologica 33(1999): 243-250. [KozarMi2001]

Miller, D.R., Williams, D.J. & Hamon, A.B. 2001 (1999). Notes on a new mealybug (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) pest in Florida and the Caribbean: the papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink. Insecta Mundi 13(3/4): 179-181. [MillerWiHa2001]

Miller, D.R. 2001 (1999). Identification of the pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Pseudococcidae). Insecta Mundi 13(3/4): 189-202. [Miller2001]

Miller, D.R., Ben-Dov, Y. & Gibson, G.A.P. 2001 (1999). Scalenet: a searchable information system on scale insects. Entomologica 33(1999): 37-46. [MillerBeGi2001]

Peronti, A.L.B.G., Miller, D.R. & Sousa-Silva, C.R. 2001. Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of ornamental plants from São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. Insecta Mundi 15(4): 247-255. [PerontMiSo2001]

Miller, D.R. & Miller, G.L. 2002. Redescription of Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae), including descriptions of the immature stages and adult female. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 104(1): 1-23. [MillerMi2002]

Miller, D.R. & Kozár, F. 2002. Systematic analysis of afrotropical Newsteadia (Hemiptera, Coccoidea: Ortheziidae) with descriptions of nine new species. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica 37(103): 201-250. [MillerKo2002]  Note: This file is large and may take extra time to download.

Hodgson, C.J. & Miller, D.R. 2002. A new genus and two new species of felt scales (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) from Chile, with comments on zoogeographical affinities between the eriococcid faunas of southern South America and New Zealand. Systematic Entomology 27(2): 191-209. [HodgsoMi2002]

Miller, D.R., Ben-Dov, Y., Gimpel, M.E., German, V. & Gibson, G.A.P. 2002 (2001). Recent enhancements in ScaleNet: a queriable systematic database of the scale insects of the world (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicoltura (Milano) 33(3): 19-28. [MillerBeGi2002]

Miller, D.R. & Pellizzari, G. 2002 (2001). Evelyna M. Danzig: a powerful force in scale insect systematics. Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicoltura (Milano) 33(3): 11-17. [MillerPe2002]

Miller, D.R., Miller, G.L. & Watson, G.W. 2002. Invasive species of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and their threat to U.S. agriculture. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 104(4): 825-836 [MillerMiWa2002]

Williams, D.J. & Miller, D.R. 2002. Systematic studies on the Antonina crawi Cockerell (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) complex of pest mealybugs. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 104(4): 896-911. [WilliaMi2002]

Miller, G.L. & Miller, D.R. 2002a. Dysmicoccus Ferris and similar genera (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) of the Gulf State Region including a description of a new species and new United States records. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 104(4): 968-979. [MillerMi2002a]

Miller, G.L. & Miller, D.R. 2003. Invasive soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae) and their threat to U. S. agriculture. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 105(4): 832-846. [MillerMi2003]

Miller, D.R., Gimpel, M.E. & Williams, D.J. 2003. Nomenclatural changes in the Diaspididae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 105(4): 940-949. [MillerGiWi2003]

Granara de Willink, M.C. & Miller, D.R. 2004. Two new species of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) from Patagonia, Argentina. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 106(1): 140-158. [GranarMi2004]  Note: This file is large and may take extra time to download.

Hodgson,C.J., Gonçalves, S.J.M.R., Miller, D.R. & Isaias, R.M.S. 2004. A key to genera of Eriococcidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) from the Neotropical region and a revision of Pseudotectococcus Hempel (Eriococcidae), a gall inducing scale insect genus from Brazil, with a description of a new species. Lundiana 5(1): 51-72.[HodgsoGoMiIs2004]  Note: This file is large and may take extra time to download.

Kondo, K., Gullan, P.J. & Miller, D.R. 2004. A new hypogeal species of Oregmopyga Hoy (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) from southern California, U.S.A., and a key to species of the genus. Zootaxa 784: 1–12. [KondoGuMi2004]

Miller, G.L., Oswald, J.D. & Miller, D.R. 2004. Lacewings and Scale Insects: A Review of Predator/Prey Associations Between the Neuropterida and Coccoidea (Insecta: Neuroptera, Raphidioptera, Hemiptera). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 97(6): 1103-1125. [MillerOsMi2004]

Miller, D.R., Miller, G.L., Hodges, G.S. & Davidson, J.A. 2005. Introduced scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the United States and their impact on U.S. agriculture. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 107(1): 123-158. [MillerMiHoDa2005]

Miller, D.R. 2005. Selected scale insect groups in the southern region of the United States. Florida Entomologist 88(4): 842-501. [Miller2005]





The following topics represent presentations given at various professional meetings.
  1. Exotic Scales and their Management or The Invasive Scale Primer is a talk presented to the Interstate Ornamental Plant Management Conference, Baltimore, MD (2003).