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Key to the Species of the Anastrepha daciformis Species Group

Copied from Norrbom (1998)

1. V-band complete, distal arm present. Body predominantly yellow to orange, with usually small, discrete dark brown areas, including: 2 dorsal and sometimes 1 posteroventral spot on anepisternum; anterodorsal and posteromedial spots on katepisternum; large medial spot on anepimeron; large area on laterotergite; 2-3 spots at margin of orange basal and white apical areas of scutellum; and often various spots or stripes on scutum (Figs. 7I, 6D-E). Southern Florida and Bahamas to Dominican Republic. . . . . . . . 2

Wings, A. maculata, A. stonei.

- V-band incomplete or absent, distal arm absent. Body either predominantly yellow to orange, sometimes with large mesonotal brown areas (Figs. 7A, 8A-C), or predominantly red-brown to dark brown (Figs. 7B-H, 8F); without numerous small dark brown spots on mesopleuron and mesonotum. Widespread. . . . . . . . 3

Wings, A. pallens, A. castanea.

2. C-band covering cell r2+3 to beyond level of R-M. Spot in cell dm (middle part of S-band) not extended anteriorly beyond vein M. Frons, except for small brown spot on ocellar tubercle, and gena entirely yellow. Scutellum with 3 dark brown spots (1 medial) between yellow basal and white apical areas (Fig. 7I). Virgin Is., Mona I. . . . . . . . .  maculata Norrbom

A. maculata, wing.

- C-band not covering most of cell r2+3 basal to level of R-M. S-band complete (Dominican Republic) or spot in cell dm extended anteriorly to vein R4+5 along R-M. Frons dorsally with narrow lateral brown spot along eye margin in addition to small brown spot on ocellar tubercle; gena with brown spot below eye. Scutellum with pair of dark brown lateral spots or short bands between yellow basal and white apical areas, sometimes almost connected medially (Fig. 8D-E). Southern Florida, Bahamas, Dominican Republic. . . . . . . . . stonei Steyskal

A. stonei, wings, Bahamas and Dominican Republic.

3. Wing without complete marginal band, interrupted by at least a small marginal hyaline area in cell r1 at apex of vein R1 (Figs. 6A, C-D). Body predominantly yellow to orange-brown, but mesonotum largely dark brown or with dark brown posterior markings (Figs. 7A, 8A-C). In lateral view, antenna usually not extended to level of ventral margin of face; first flagellomere usually < 3 times as long as wide. . . . . . . . . 4

Wings, A. pallens, A. antilliensis.

- Wing with complete marginal band, cell r1 without hyaline marginal area at apex of vein R1. Body predominantly red-brown to dark brown and mesonotum similar in color to pleuron (Figs. 7B-H, 8F). Antenna usually extended to level of ventral margin of face; first flagellomere usually > 3 times as long as wide. . . . . . . . . 6

Wings, A. zucchii, A. castanea.

4. S-band interrupted along vein R4+5 and in cell dm along vein Cu1; basal part without extension to posterior wing margin in cell cu1. Frons with dorsal transverse brown band, and gena with brown spot below eye (both may be faint or absent in teneral specimens). Scutum posteriorly with 2-3 brown spots (Fig. 8C) or usually with trilobed brown band (Fig. 8B). Scutellum with lateral brown spot or complete transverse brown band bordering apical white area. Southern Texas to Honduras and El Salvador. . . . . . . . . pallens Coquillett

A. pallens, wing.

- S-band complete, basal part with extension to posterior wing margin in cell cu1. Frons, except for small brown spot on ocellar tubercle, and gena entirely yellow. Scutum with broad dark brown area on posterior margin or more extensively dark brown (Figs. 7A, 8A). Scutellum dark brown except apical white area. Greater Antilles. . . . . . . . . 5

Wings, A. murrayi, A. antilliensis.

5. Scutum, except for pale stripes, mostly orange, only posterior and postsutural lateral margins broadly dark brown; sublateral pale stripe not extended into dark brown area and not reaching intra-alar seta (Fig. 7A). C- and S-bands not connected along vein R4+5. Usually 2 orbital setae. Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic. . . . . . . . . antilliensis Norrbom

A. antilliensis, wing.

- Scutum, except for pale stripes, mostly dark brown, orange only anteromedially; sublateral pale stripe extended to intra-alar seta (Fig. 8A). C- and S-bands broadly connected along vein R4+5. Only 1 orbital seta, posterior seta absent. Jamaica. . . . . . . . . murrayi Norrbom

A. murrayi, wing.

6. Marginal wing band broad, all of cell r2+3 infuscated. Crossvein DM-Cu without band or bordered by diffuse band paler than marginal band. Basal section of S-band extended along vein Cu1 beyond bm-cu, and cell bcu evenly infuscated. Widespread. . . . . . . . . 7

Wings, A. bicolor, A. zucchii.

- Marginal wing band narrow, cell r2+3 hyaline except apex. Crossvein DM-Cu with distinct band as dark as marginal band. Basal section of S-band not extended along vein Cu1 beyond bm-cu, and cell bcu with large posterior hyaline or very pale area. South America. . . . . . . . . 11

Wings, A. daciformis, A. castanea.

7. Abdominal tergites each with narrow median pale spot, forming parallel-sided stripe or T-shaped mark, uninterrupted except usually on middle of syntergite 1+2, which is brown basally (Figs. 9E-F, I). Occiput with large triangular brown areas along lateral sutures of median occipital sclerite or mostly brown. Mesonotum with presutural lateral pale stripe reduced to small spot on scutum (Fig. 8F) or small spot on posterior part of notopleuron (Fig. 7H). South America. . . . . . . . . 8

- Abdominal tergites each with pale posterior band or triangular mark; if forming stripe, sides irregular and not parallel, and usually interrupted at least on tergite 3; base of syntergite 1+2 yellow (Figs. 9B-C). Occiput entirely yellow or with small brown spots or stripes on or near lateral sutures of median occipital sclerite. Mesonotum with presutural lateral pale stripe usually complete from posterior margin of postpronotal lobe to posterior part of notopleuron (Figs. 7B-D), rarely narrowly interrupted on scutum. Southern Texas to Costa Rica. . . . . . . . . 9

8. Notopleuron with pale posterior spot, but presutural lateral pale stripe absent on scutum (Fig. 7H). Dorsocentral pale stripe present. Wing with broad, faint brown band extended from cell bcu only to middle of cell cu1. Crossvein DM-Cu with faint brown band. Abdomen with pale medial stripe at least slightly expanded on apical half of syntergite 1+2, never connected to transverse medial band on syntergite 1+2; tergites with narrow white lateral margins (Figs. 9E-F). Western Venezuela, Ecuador, Paraguay, Brazil (Bahia, Rio Grande do Norte). . . . . . . . . macrura Hendel

A. macrura, wing.

- Notopleuron entirely brown, but presutural lateral pale stripe present on scutum as spot anterolateral to presutural supra-alar seta (Fig. 8F). Dorsocentral pale stripe absent. Wing with broad, moderate brown band extended from cell bcu to apex of cell cu1. Crossvein DM-Cu without faint brown band. Abdomen with pale medial stripe not expanded on apical half of syntergite 1+2, sometimes connected to transverse medial band on syntergite 1+2; tergites without narrow white lateral margins (Fig. 9I). Brazil (Roraima). . . . . . . . . zucchii Norrbom

A. zucchii, wing.

9. Wing in cell br with costal band broadly extended to vein M along entire length of cell bm; cell br mostly microtrichose including most or all of section bordering cell bm. Posterior pale marks on abdominal tergites 3 and 4 more or less triangular (Fig. 9B). Costa Rica. . . . . . . . . 10

Wings, A. aquila, A. avispa.

- Wing in cell br with costal band not extended to vein M along cell bm (Fig. 5C); cell br half microtrichose to mostly bare, section bordering cell bm with at least posterior half bare. Posterior pale marks on abdominal tergites 3 and 4 transversely elongate (Fig. 9C). Southern Texas to Costa Rica. . . . . . . . . bicolor (Stone)

Wing, A. bicolor.

10. Oviscape less than 5 mm long, less than 1.5 times mesonotum length. Scutum with broad medial nonmicrotrichose area extended to expanded posterior part of medial pale stripe and sublateral stripes; medial pale stripe with posterior arms moderately slender and with anterolateral corners (Fig. 7C). Scutellum with basal seta at margin of brown area or within yellow area (Fig. 7C). Frons with orbital seta at margin or anterior to dorsal brown band. . . . . . . . . avispa Norrbom

- Oviscape more than 7 mm long, more than 1.7 times mesonotum length. Scutum microtrichose except for medial presutural bare area and very narrow dorsocentral stripe; medial pale stripe with posterior arms very slender and usually without anterolateral corners (Fig. 7B). Scutellum with basal seta within brown area (Fig. 7B). Frons with orbital seta at margin or within dorsal brown band. . . . . . . . . aquila Norrbom

11. Scutum with pale dorsocentral stripe connected anteriorly to pale area on postpronotal lobe (Fig. 7G); microtrichose only on and lateral to sublateral stripe, and on and posterior to expanded posterior part of medial pale stripe. Occiput mostly yellow, usually with pair of small brown dorsal stripes. Propleuron and base of syntergite 1+2 yellow. Oviscape length 3.95-5.00 mm, 1.25-1.65 times mesonotum length. Venezuela. . . . . . . . . katiyari Norrbom

- Scutum with pale dorsocentral stripe separated anteriorly from pale area on postpronotal lobe (Fig. 7E-F); microtrichose except for medial presutural bare area. Occiput mostly brown except anterior margin. Propleuron brown. Base of syntergite 1+2 orange to brown. Oviscape length 2.10-3.50 mm, 0.75-1.30 times mesonotum length. Southern Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina. . . . . . . . . 12

12. Mesonotum with presutural lateral pale stripe complete, extended from postpronotal lobe to posterior part of notopleuron (Fig. 7F). Oviscape length 2.10-2.70 mm, 0.75-1.00 times mesonotum length. Abdominal tergites 3 and 4 each with narrow apical white band. Southern Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina. . . . . . . . . daciformis Bezzi

- Mesonotum with presutural lateral pale stripe reduced to pale spot on posterior part of notopleuron, absent from scutum (Fig. 7E). Oviscape length 2.95-3.49 mm, 1.10-1.30 times mesonotum length. Abdominal tergite 3 sometimes with small apical white band, tergite 4 without apical white band. Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul), Argentina. . . . . . . . . castanea Norrbom