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Euaresta toba (Lindner)

Recognition
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Euaresta toba is one of three species of Euaresta lacking the anterior notopleural seta. The male is distinguished from those of all of the other species of Euaresta south of Mexico by its shiny, nonmicrotrichose sternite 5. The female resembles that of E. regularis, but differs in having a shorter oviscape and a less uniform wing pattern.

Classification and Evolutionary Relationships
Order: Diptera. Family: Tephritidae. Subfamily: Tephritinae. Genus: Euaresta. Species: toba. Author: Lindner.
Relationships among the species of Euaresta were analyzed by Norrbom (1993). Click here for more detailed discussion of Euaresta phylogeny. Euaresta toba has been placed in the toba species group.

Names Used for this Species
Camaromyia toba Lindner 1928: 29.
Euaresta toba: Aczél 1952:165.
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Type Data
Lectotype - Male (SMN), designated by Norrbom 1993: 200, ARGENTINA: [Formosa: Puesto] Misión Tacaaglé [Cué (24°56'S, 58°46'W)], Nov 1925, E. Lindner.

Distribution
Euaresta toba is known from El Salvador, Venezuela following Andes to Chile, Argentina & Uruguay, Brazil (Espirito Santo, Para). This is the most widespread Neotropical species of Euaresta and the only one so far known from Central America.
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Biology
Euaresta toba breeds in female flowers of Ambrosia cumanensis H.B.K., A. tenuifolia, and A. elatior L. The record of A. tenuifolia reported by McFadyen (1976) was a misidentification of A. elatior (Norrbom 1993, McFadyen, pers. comm.).

Economic Significance
Euaresta toba is a beneficial species that attacks several species of ragweeds.

References
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Aczél, M. L. 1950. Catalogo de la familia "Trypetidae" (Dipt. Acalypt.) de la region neotropical. Acta Zoologica Lilloana (1949) 7: 177-328. [p. 296, in catalog]
Aczél, M. L. 1952. El género Euaresta Loew (= Camaromyia Hendel) en la región neotropical (Diptera Trypetidae). Revista Chilena de Entomologiá 2:147-172. [p. 165, revision, distribution, illustrations of head, antenna, palpus, wing, epandrium, oviscape, aculeus]
Foote, R. H. 1967. Family Tephritidae (Trypetidae, Trupaneidae). In N. Papavero, ed., A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Departmento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura, São Paulo. Fasc. 57, 91 pp. [p. 24, in catalog]
Hering, E. M. 1941. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Trypetidae, pp. 121-176. In E. Titschack, Beitrage zur Fauna Perus, Band 1. Hamburg. [p. 166, Peru]
Lindner, E. 1928. Die Ausbeute der Deutschen Chaco-Expedition. Diptera. Einleitung, I. Trypetidae und II. Pterocallidae. Konowia 7:24-36. [description]
McFayden, R. E. 1976. Report on a survey of the insects attacking Ambrosia tenuifolia in Tucuman, Argentina. Commonwealth Institute for Biological Control, West Indian Station, unpublished report, 4 pp.
Malloch, J. R. 1933. Fascicle 4. --Acalyptrata [part], p. 177-391, pls. 2-7. In British Museum (Natural History), Diptera of Patagonia and south Chile. Pt. 6. London. 499 p. [p. 274, in key, Uruguay]
Norrbom, A. L. 1993. New species and phylogenetic analysis of Euaresta Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae) with a key to the species from the Americas south of Mexico. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 95: 195-209. [revision, phylogenetic relationships]
Norrbom, A. L., L. E. Carroll, F. C. Thompson, I. M. White & A. Freidberg. 1999. Systematic database of names, pp. 65-251. In F. C. Thompson (ed.), Fruit Fly Expert Identification System and Systematic Information Database. Myia (1998) 9, vii + 524 pp. & Diptera Data Dissemination Disk (CD-ROM) (1998) 1. [p. 145, in catalog]
Stuardo O., C. 1946. Catalogo de los Dipteros de Chile. Ministerio de Agricultura, Santiago, Chile. 250 p.  [p. 134, in catalog]

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