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Haywardina cuculiformis (Aczél)

Recognition
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Haywardina cuculiformis differs from other species of Haywardina by all of the following characters: subapical band anterobasally curved; scutum without microtrichia; scutal lateral white stripe moderately broad and extended along transverse suture; and apical part of lateral surstylus relatively short. In thoracic markings H. cuculiformis resembles H. bimaculata and H. cuculi, but it differs from both species in having 3 pairs of brown spots or stripes on the scutum bordering the medial and lateral white stripes (versus 1 pair in H. bimaculata and H. cuculi). It further differs from H. bimaculata in having brown spots on the anepisternum, katepisternum, katatergite and mediotergite, the subapical band with its anterior end strongly basally curved and separate from the apical band, lacking an accessory costal band, and lacking small subapical notches on the aculeus tip, and from H. cuculi in having a pair of large brown spots on the scutellum, the posterior orbital seta present; the scutellum with large basal brown spots on sides, crossvein R-M and the discal band not apically displaced, the latter not covering DM-Cu, and the subapical band present. The glans is more slender than in H. cuculi, but has a similar slender, membranous, apical lobe.

Classification and Evolutionary Relationships
Order: Diptera. Family: Tephritidae. Subfamily: Trypetinae. Genus: Haywardina. Species: cuculiformis. Author: Aczél.
Relationships among the species of Haywardina were analyzed by Norrbom (1994). Click here for more detailed discussion of Haywardina phylogeny. Haywardina cuculiformis appears to be most closely related to H. cuculi.

Names Used for this Species
Cryptoplagia cuculiformis Aczél 1951: 265.
Haywardina cuculiformis: Norrbom 1994: 51.
Click here to link to fly names database

Type Data
Syntypes - 1m1f (MNM, NMW), ARGENTINA: Tucumán, Nov.

Distribution
Haywardina cuculiformis is known only from Peru.
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Specimen data
PERU: Piura, 5 May 1937, J.E. Wille, 1m holotype (USNM).
PERU: Piura, 30 Mar 1937, J.E. Wille, 1f paratype (USNM).

Biology
The biology of Haywardina cuculiformis is poorly known. The type specimens were reared from fruits of an undetermined plant, which Aczél (1951c) suggested was a Solanum species.

Economic Significance
Haywardina cuculiformis is not known to be economically important.

References
Click here to access fruit fly literature database
Aczél, M.L. 1951. Generos y especies neotropicales de la tribus "Trypetini". II. Dos generos y una especie nuevos. Acta Zool. Lilloana 12:253-278.  [p. 259, description]
Foote, R. H. 1967. Family Tephritidae (Trypetidae, Trupaneidae). In N. Papavero, ed., A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Departmento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura, São Paulo. Fasc. 57, 91 pp. [p. 21, in catalog]
Foote, R. H. 1980. Fruit fly genera south of the United States. United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin No. 1600, 79 pp. [p. 24; review]
Norrbom, A. L. 1994. New species and phylogenetic analysis of Cryptodacus, Haywardina, and Rhagoletotrypeta (Diptera: Tephritidae). Insecta Mundi 8: 37-65. [p. 51, diagnosis, phylogenetic relationships]
Norrbom, A. L., L. E. Carroll, F. C. Thompson, I. M. White & A. Freidberg. 1999. Systematic database of names, pp. 65-251. In F. C. Thompson (ed.), Fruit Fly Expert Identification System and Systematic Information Database. Myia (1998) 9, vii + 524 pp. & Diptera Data Dissemination Disk (CD-ROM) (1998) 1. [p.   , in catalog]

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